IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, March 2018, Volume 49, Issue 3, pp 259–266, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-018-0683-5

My experience over the past several years working with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) leads me to conclude that focus on the development of multilateral competition norms – as such – should remain dormant at least for the medium-term future. Incorporation of competition rules in bilateral, regional and plurilateral agreements between low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income country (HICs) is premature and may be counterproductive. More productive enterprise involves improving the tools that competition authorities employ, while bolstering the capacity of competition authorities in LMICs to deploy them. Regional cooperation agreements directed toward pooling of resources may be useful in this regard.

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